Enhancing tomato resistance by exploring early defense events against Fusarium wilt disease

Abstract Studying plant early immunity, such as the unique immune mechanisms against pathogens, is an important field of research. Tomato wilt resulting from infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici ( Fol ) soil-borne vascular disease. In this study, we challenged tomato plants with for a time-course RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis. The result indicated that phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathway genes were significantly enriched during invasion stage. Further study revealed flavonoids galangin quercetin could effectively inhibit growth enhance resistance in tomato. Moreover, involved plant-pathogen interactions, MAPK signaling pathway, hormone signal transduction enriched. These also pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) effector-triggered (ETI) pathways. Strikingly, transcription levels pathogen-related protein 1 SlPR1 dramatically increased at 2 days post inoculation, implying does not have direct antifungal activity. Instead, its C-terminal peptide CAPE1 activate root defense responses, reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, salicylic acid (SA)/jasmonic (JA) production, defense-related gene expression, which collectively to infection. addition, induce systemic acquired (SAR). Application onto leaves induced local pathogen Botrytis cinerea results advanced our understanding provide potential strategy disease control.